Nobel laureate alarmed by over-hyped longevity research | Venki Ramakrishnan

2024-03-11に共有
Could we one day cheat death? Are we hurtling towards a time when science will be so advanced that aging can be prevented or halted in its tracks?

Nobel laureate Venki Ramakrishnan takes a skeptical view in a fascinating exploration of longevity research. In Why We Die: The New Science of Aging and the Quest for Immortality, the acclaimed scientist delves into the complexities of aging and the pursuit of extending healthy lifespan.

A former president of the Royal Society in London, Ramakrishnan is a group leader at the Medical Research Council's Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Cambridge, England. He shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2009 for his work uncovering the structure and function of tiny cellular particles called ribosomes and was knighted in 2012. 

In this interview with Peter Bowes, the molecular biologist provides a critical perspective on the dilemmas of aging research; questions the hype and financial interests linked to some aspects of longevity science; delves into the concept of compressed morbidity and its challenges, and explains his belief that dramatic life extension is not imminent.

00:00 Intro
02:00 Career Journey: Ramakrishnan shares his career trajectory, beginning with physics and transitioning to molecular biology, focusing on the ribosome’s structure and function.
06:34 Shift to Aging: He talks about his interest in aging, which grew from his ribosome work, and his concerns about the hype and financial interests surrounding aging research.
11:43 Personal Interest in Aging: Ramakrishnan explains that personal concerns about aging partially motivated his book, aiming to demystify aging research for the general public.
14:57 Analyzing Death: He discusses why defining death is crucial to understanding aging. The ambiguity in defining the exact point of death leads to a range of ethical and social questions.
17:51 Compressed Morbidity: Ramakrishnan explains compressed morbidity, the idea of staying healthy throughout life and experiencing ailments only shortly before death. He expresses skepticism that science has yet found a way to achieve this balance.
24:11 Studying Centenarians: He discusses supercentenarians, who appear to have achieved a compressed morbidity, suggesting research into their genetics and lifestyle could provide insights into healthy aging.
27:00 Caloric Restriction: Its scientific backing compared to the more accessible concept of moderation in diet.
33:39 Evolution and Aging: Ramakrishnan explains why evolution has not resulted in humans who live longer, citing the balance between lifespan and reproductive success across species.
37:00 Views on Extreme Longevity: He shares his opinion on the prospects of dramatic life extension, siding with those who believe our current lifespan is relatively fixed without future breakthroughs.
40:02 Impact of Longevity Research: The potential benefits of longevity research are not necessarily in extending life dramatically but in alleviating the disabilities associated with old age.
48:10 Personal Takeaways and Retirement: Ramakrishnan reflects on the age-old advice for a healthy life—moderation, exercise, sleep—and his personal plans for retirement, advocating for passing resources to younger scientists.

Photo credit: Kate Joyce and Sante Fe Institute

Read: Why We Die: The New Science of Aging and the Quest for Immortality
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Discounts & Affiliation disclosure: This podcast is supported by sponsorship and affiliate arrangements with a select number of companies. The income helps to cover production costs and ensures that our interviews, sharing information about human longevity, remain free for all to listen.

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コメント (21)
  • It's not about living longer "longevity" , it's about living a healthy life without diseases, most people these days die early from disease because of the way they live their lives and what they consume.
  • @ajmnv
    “Moderation”. A term my father, who passed away one month shy of 100, often repeated. He lived his life in quite an ordinary and quite way but his lifestyle and habits surely helped him. No diabetes, cancer or heart disease. BMI normal, physically active around the yard and fixing everything into his 90s. Good social life with Mom also in her 90s and 5 children and many grandchildren. All in moderation, alcohol, food, etc. traveled with mom often, we’re active in church etc. in his 90s had a car accident and walked out the emergency room with cuts and bruises. Thereafter gave us the car keys. “I don’t want to drive again. I’m not safe anymore”. Smart decision. Moderation and being mindful of limits and opportunities for making good choices is important.
  • @incastinc
    Death is certain for all living beings. My grandfather knows mother tongue, Hindi and Sanskrit. He lived to be 102. 1. Vegetarian 2. Goes to farm two miles away at 4 Am. brings back fresh cow milk. Has coffee. Lunch. coffee. dinner. Reads newspaper home delivered. Sleeps. # 82 pounds, 5' 3" at age 83. Eating habit was to eat less than he wanted. Never went to doctor, (big mistake), died of stroke. He never ate in a restaurant. Never drank or smoked. He knew world politics and voted in elections. Compared to living in California, traffic, work, pay children's education Indian village life is ok.
  • My father lived to 93 years of age and would have hit 100 years if it wasn’t for our health care system in Canada abandoning the elderly during the pandemic. But my father was very health conscious and ate sardines, walnuts and flaxseeds regularly, he also walked regularly and worked physically in his garden till he was 90 years old. My mother on the other hand wasn’t as happy conscience and wasn’t as healthy unfortunately.
  • @adek2989
    I’d love to hear him debate Dr Peter Attia.
  • @m4yue
    The part about retirement and not occupying limited resources are right on!
  • @Athenaikos
    Statins and metformin are not instruments of staying healthy. They are examples of treating symptoms rather than the disease.
  • @susydyson1750
    Excellent interview ! A fascinating explorer of life and the possibilities of aging with style 💪🏻 also enjoy yr voice tone and manner while interviewing
  • @darlenes520
    It is puzzling to me that there's little discussion of the earliestyears of these people: that if a person has lived to 100, they did not eat what we call ultra processed foods or fast foods when they were children. They also didn't ride in a car from the day of birth. Most of the studied centenarians also lived in active war zones during 2 world wars! Did they live in an area with out access to food or were they able to get adequate food during war years? A woman likely cooked everything they ate as a child, and she used foods that were close to their original form and available. Income levels also obviously made a difference. But they could NOT have grown up on frozen pizza or sugar-coated cereal. The formative years of anyone who has already made it past 100 are not comparable to anyone born after about 1970 in the USA. Do these early years matter for longevity? What about their parents? Probably impossible to do a reliable study, but acknowledge that this might be important?
  • My father-in-law lived just passed his 104th birthday. And he was healthy till the end.
  • @brandillysmom
    Longevity runs on both sides of my family, BUT it was granted only to those members that took care of themselves and who managed to live as stress free as possible…. I’d rather live as healthy as possible than as long as possible. I don’t plan to live bedbound.
  • @alexi2460
    V.R. is delightful the way he brings his research down to earth for all of us.
  • @ldt6513
    Thank you for a very interesting conversation! I enjoyed listening a lot. Venki Ramakrishnan is a refreshingly intelligent and interesting man to listen to. He also bring both contrast and specificity to this enormously huge topic that has been spawned from all sorts of proponents with novel ideas and early data.
  • @rrosho
    Philosophical, Simple & Brilliant. Both were cool and composed and discussing a very complex subject and convey ideas that is practically simple. Interviewer deserves appreciation. As discuused finding solution to specific illness is solution to longivity.