AI Music, simply explained (feat. Grimes and Spotify's CEO)

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Published 2023-10-23
When should artists get paid in a world with AI music?
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Artificial intelligence is changing how music gets made - and how musicians get paid. AI is letting people clone artists’ voices, create completely new songs as fake collaborations, generate lyrics in seconds, even produce full tracks just by typing in a few words. It’s all causing some to say AI will be “the death of music.”

Technology causes turning points in history. And I think we’re in one right now for music. The stakes are high: If we get this wrong, we could jeopardize how human musicians make money and art. But if we get it right, we have an opportunity to leap ahead in how we as humans get to express ourselves.

To really understand what’s happening with AI music, you need to understand how the music industry ALREADY works - and how it could be changing. In this video, I took a deep dive into that topic with the help of two people right in the thick of it: The artist Grimes and CEO of Spotify Daniel Ek.

Chapters:
00:00 What is happening with AI in music?
02:05 Why would we want AI music?
04:03 How are musicians using AI?
06:17 When should musicians get paid?
07:15 What is copying versus inspiration?
08:26 How does copyright work in music?
10:06 Should artists get paid for AI training on their music?
11:55 What happens when AI generates its own songs?
12:54 How could AI music be "huge if true"?

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Bio:
Cleo Abram is an Emmy-nominated independent video journalist. On her show, Huge If True, Cleo explores complex technology topics with rigor and optimism, helping her audience understand the world around them and see positive futures they can help build. Before going independent, Cleo was a video producer for Vox. She wrote and directed the Coding and Diamonds episodes of Vox’s Netflix show, Explained. She produced videos for Vox’s popular YouTube channel, was the host and senior producer of Vox’s first ever daily show, Answered, and was co-host and producer of Vox’s YouTube Originals show, Glad You Asked.

Additional reading and watching:
Elf Tech, by Grimes: elf.tech/connect
Who Sampled, my favorite site to see sampled tracks: www.whosampled.com/
Frank singing Lil jon:    • Video  
Johnny Cash Barbie:    • Johnny Cash - Barbie Girl (A.i. Cover)  
Linkin Park Pokemon:    • If LINKIN PARK made the POKEMON THEME...  
An A.I. Hit of Fake ‘Drake’ and ‘The Weeknd’ Rattles the Music World, New York Times: www.nytimes.com/2023/04/19/arts/music/ai-drake-the…
The Music Industry Has an AI Problem, Washington Post: www.washingtonpost.com/business/2023/05/02/ai-drak…
Spotify will not ban AI-made music, BBC: www.bbc.com/news/technology-66882414
Grimes Launches AI Software That Allows Anyone To Insert Her Voice Into Music, Hypebeast: hypebeast.com/2023/5/grimes-ai-software-elf-tech-v…

Vox: www.vox.com/authors/cleo-abram
IMDb: www.imdb.com/name/nm10108242/

Gear I use:
Camera: Sony A7SIII
Lens: Sony 16–35 mm F2.8 GM and 35mm prime
Audio: Sennheiser SK AVX

I used music from Lickd for this video:

Get Unholy (Instrumental) by Sam Smith, Kim Petras and over 1M + mainstream tracks here go.lickd.co/Music
License ID: 81a29AAvBJO

Get Don't Start Now by Dua Lipa and over 1M + mainstream tracks here go.lickd.co/Music
License ID: 2ZnbrkkMnz1

Get Paradise by Coldplay and over 1M + mainstream tracks here go.lickd.co/Music
License ID: nYJ7D662Gqk

I also used music from Tom Fox and Musicbed!

Follow along for more episodes of Huge If True: youtube.com/cleoabram?sub_confirmation=1

Special thanks to Daniel Ek and Grimes for their thoughts on this conversation!
Thank you also to Angela Long for inspiring some of the graphics in this episode, based on a talk I did on this topic recently!


Welcome to the joke down low:

How do you fix a broken tuba?
With a tuba glue…

Use the word “tuba” in a comment to tell me you’re a real one who read to the end… :)

All Comments (21)
  • @scott-richardson
    What’s more profitable? Paying artists royalties? Or having an AI generate millions of new songs for your platform that you own? Suddenly you’re paying royalties to yourself, Spotify!
  • @Telleryn
    The biggest problem I see with AI in any creative space is not that it can make things, but the amount of that thing it can create, an AI can create thousands of songs in the time it takes a human to write and record one and out-compete humans just through sheer volume, burying human work under piles of AI stuff and making it undiscoverable, even things like tags etc that might be used to highlight human-made work only work as long as those uploading AI-produced work are being honest. With how easily recorded works can be produced by AI now, we might see a return to how musicians got their fame and money before recording was widely available, performance, before AI comes for that too.
  • @bentownsend4017
    All previously invented technologies have been tools for artists to use. AI is the first tool to be able to replace the artist themself.
  • @vsnrm5451
    Interesting how artists were called overdramatic for reacting to the AI apocalypse but when it's affecting other fields of art suddenly everyone takes it seriously. Just find that interesting
  • @est4nis
    Pretty sure everyone agrees composers/songwriters/artists/producers do NOT get fairly compensated. Yeah, not even Prince, Michael Jackson or Taylor Swift (to give three well know examples of record label disputes). So what makes us think that if we throw a very complex and non human variable to this equation, all of the sudden all these humans will be paid fairly? Not gonna happen.
  • @emory2025
    I find it curious that you are using the CEO of spotify to talk about compensating artists properly with Ai stuff, when spotify themselves is one of the worst offenders for compensating artists in general.
  • @jaredkhan8743
    I’m a musician, and I definitely do fear this topic. AI can be an incredible tool for filling in the gaps in like mixing and mastering (like LANDR), but what makes a musician is not only creativity but skill as well. Dedicating hours to training ur body to play an instrument, sing, learn your DAW, learning composition, etc. are all part of the journey of being a musician. I already kind of have this stance with sampling. I hear some amazing and creative uses of samples (I use them myself, as does practically everyone), but the average “beat maker” truly feels like a talentless hack. I’ve watched ppl just put a beautiful sounding loop in with some basic 808 pattern and call themselves talented with no understanding of why that sample sounds good to begin with. Letting AI make lyrics, make ur melodies, etc., it all just seems like a mask for ppl with no skill or dedication to pretend to be skilled. Ik I m probably sound elitist or gatekeeping but it’s just my perspective given my experience.
  • @joshualane1716
    Having a discussion about the artists getting paid, featuring the CEO of Spotify, but not talking about how much artists are actually getting paid for their work is wild.
  • @uasiddiq
    Cleo went all out with this video. Great job not letting the embarrassment get in the way 😊
  • @HristoVelev
    Spotify's endgame would be to have a recommendation type algo feed the AI and serve you music, and cut the artists out of the picture. For the human expression part they would hire some actors or use generative AI for videos - all payrolled by Spotify, and all rights belonging to them. Great video!
  • What makes art amazing to me is the amount of time it takes an artist to perfect a skill, the human error, the whole process. It looses value if something generates perfection every time in my opinion. Being human is fun and full of mistakes and lack of perfect.. AI for creativity is a buzzkill for those who have trained for years just so people who haven’t trained a skill can seem just as competent in that area.
  • @HeyTylerAustin
    Can we take a second to appreciate how great the graphics in these videos are? They aid in our understand of complex topics and I had to remind myself that I'm watching an independent YouTube channel!
  • @terpcj
    I've worked in various creative, copyright-aware fields since the early 80s. Depending on my age, I might have different opinions about this, but as of now, I view it as another tool and, potentially a collaborator in the future. Think back to the classical scribes -- how would they view a word processor or text generator? A tool to relieve their calligraphic burden or as a usurper taking their creative and financial raison d'art from them? Humans are adaptable. Change is rarely undone and reset, we just change ourselves...or our children and grandchildren do. Music, writing, art, language, technology...it's really all part of the same conveyor of building on what came before to leave our legacy lest we stagnate into robotic mediocrity.
  • @mk1st
    That animation showing how an AI generator could come up with a million tracks and then plot a path to ‘success’ was chilling. The amount of dreck that’s going to be produced is going to be mindblowing.
  • @SamuelFRobinson
    I found your report to be very inspiring. The cuts were clean, and the changes in the background music kept my attention. I liked the way you weaved in the affiliate link and the request to subscribe at the end. I also loved how you introduced the hook for "watch more". Your subscriber count is a testament to your efforts. I am interested in learning more about your process, as my focus is now on my channel services both offline and online. I really appreciated the way you organized the description, even down to Tuba. At first, I thought you were only promoting one affiliate link, but upon reading further, I saw that you had separated them. You put the primary link at the top, and the others were listed below. If I incorporate the things I'm learning from you, do I have to pay you royalties?
  • @miniros3
    I prefer raw music, raw human emotion.
  • @ChrisHanlonnz
    I'm interested in your creativity - technical skills point. Mostly in the past it has been the constraints that have ignited the creativity. If AI removes constraints, do we lose some creativity? There will always be some constraints but I think this is an interesting topic on its own, not just in the music realm.
  • @gautambidari
    Props to the editor of the episode. It's absolutely beautiful, such a good composition.
  • @blondesalute
    I feel like having a fully AI artist would be a whole separate job (maybe paying the ones behind the AI, or having a new version of royalty-free music, or having this music personal for only you and your friends/family)
  • @vaporman442
    Important to point out recent legislation has established AI-generated content can’t be copyrighted. That means if you use AI to write the lyrics and music of a song, the publishing rights will be in public domain and anyone can cover the song without paying royalties. If you use AI for the voice and lyrics, the mechanical rights will be in public domain and anyone could distribute, sell, play or sample the song without paying royalties. That means if you upload the song to Spotify, they can make money off it without paying you.